October 24, 2008 SAN FRANCISCO BUSINESS TIMES
Mervyns LLC will begin liquidating merchandise at its remaining 149 stores about
Nov. 1 as it prepares to shut down operations a few months short of its 60th
anniversary.
The Hayward-based department store chain, which should close its
door by early January, was not just another retail victim of the current
economic crisis, according to industry observers. They contend poor management
and a four-year-old purchase deal by an investment consortium that left it
paying exorbitantly expensive leases on its stores also contributed to its
failure.
In September, Mervyns LLC sued the investors who purchased the
retail chain for $1.2 billion in 2004 from Target Corp. -- Sun Capital Partners
Inc., Cerberus Capital Management LP and Lubert-Adler and Klaff Partners LP --
alleging that the investors and Target devised complex real estate transactions
in order to gain control of the retailer’s stores, then lease them back at
“substantially increased rates.”
It sought the return of $58 million in
transaction fees and other damages from the investors and Target, as well as a
court order permitting Mervyns to reclaim its real estate.
Roy Berces, group
manager of communications for Mervyns, said the original deal struck by the
investors and Target was instrumental in the company having to file for Chapter
11 bankruptcy protection in July.
But the suit and a $465 million line of
credit from a lender group led by Wachovia Capital Finance Corp. extended last
summer proved too little, too late to save the struggling chain, which which
opened its first store in San Lorenzo in 1949.
“In order to succeed, a
retailer cannot have too much debt or too much overhead,” said George Whalin,
president of Retail Management Consultants in Carlsbad. “Certainly not so much
that you can’t buy merchandise, as happened to Mervyns.”
Whalin said the real
estate deal devised by the investment consortium is what eventually doomed the
value-oriented retailer, which he said should have been faring reasonably well
despite the slumping economy. Even in a turnaround situation like Mervyns,
Whalin said “fairly deep-pocketed investors” find a way to make things
work.
“The last five or six months have been tough on all retailers, but
discounters and value-oriented companies are doing OK,” Whalin said. “Mervyns
should have been in that group, if it wasn’t for the usurous rents it was being
charged for its stores. Someone at these investment companies had to have known
turning Mervyns into a cash cow was not going to lead to a good outcome.”
Tom
Kelley, a former Mervyns executive who now runs Concept Branding Group, a retail
consultancy based in Washington D.C., took an even harsher tone.
“During the
past few years, there were no real indications that senior managers were making
any of the right moves,” Kelley said of the revolving door of CEOs at Mervyns
LLC -- four in four years. “If anyone tries to blame this on the economy, shame
on them. It’s a sad story when leadership is so ineffective.”
Kelley
criticized the current CEO, John Goodman, former manager of the successful
Dockers apparel line for Levi Stauss & Co. of San Francisco, who took the
top Mervyns jobs only last April. “When he got involved in this and saw this
complex web of buying properties and then leasing them back (to Mervyns) at
exorbitant rates, he should have walked away from it,” he said. “Instead, he
kept saying for the past six months (the company) was going to survive, knowing
that the store (lease costs) were impossible to meet.”
Kelley said even
Vanessa Castagna, brought in by the investors in early 2005 because she was
highly regarded in the retail industry for having led a turnaround at J.C.
Penney Corp. Inc., could not repeat her success at Mervyns because of the
handicaps. Castagna abruptly stepped down in early 2007.
Even before it was
saddled with high lease costs, Kelley said “neglect of the Mervyns’ brand” by
former parent Target, which owned the East Bay retailer for 26 years, began the
retailer’s slow decline.
“They got away from keeping the brand distinctive
and keeping the company involved in the community,” he said. “Once a retailer
loses touch with its community, its chances of success are very
slim.”
Mervyns will use an outside professional services firm to help it
liquidate its merchandise.
Goodman, who was not available for comment, said
in a company press release he was confident the going-out-of-business sale would
“drive significant traffic to our stores.”
“We are disappointed with this
outcome but (Mervyns’) declining liquidity position and the extremely
challenging retail environment, together with the fact we have exhausted all
other possibilities, requires that we take this action.”
Berces would not
comment on how many people will lose their jobs, or whether severance pay or
job-search assistance will be made available to employees.
Copywright, San Francisco Business Times